Improper Validation of Array Index in radareorg/radare2
Reported on
Apr 4th 2022
This vulnerability is of type Improper Validation of Array Index. The bug exists in latest stable release (radare2-5.6.6) and lastest master branch (8317a34b7e4ab731e230dcdd81adc9323c5b518b, updated in April 03, 2022). Specifically, the vulnerable code (located at libr/bin/format/ne/ne.c) and the bug's basic explanation are highlighted as follows:
85 RBinSection *bs = R_NEW0 (RBinSection);
// i is not well validated.
86 NE_image_segment_entry *se = &bin->segment_entries[i];
87 if (!bs) {
88 return segments;
89 }
// seed1 can trigger this heap overflow.
90 bs->size = se->length;
91 bs->vsize = se->minAllocSz ? se->minAllocSz : 64000;
92 bs->bits = R_SYS_BITS_16;
93 bs->is_data = se->flags & IS_DATA;
94 bs->perm = __translate_perms (se->flags);
487 char *name;
488 if (rel.index > bin->ne_header->ModRefs) {
489 name = r_str_newf ("UnknownModule%d_%x", rel.index, off); // ????
490 } else {
491 printf("modref addr: %X, bin addr: %X, bin->ne_header addr: %X \n",modref,bin,&(bin->ne_header));
// Seed2 can trigger this heap overflow. The rel.index is not validated and can be zero.
492 offset = modref[rel.index - 1] + bin->header_offset + bin->ne_header->ImportNameTable;
493 name = __read_nonnull_str_at (bin->buf, offset);
494 }
495 if (rel.flags & IMPORTED_ORD) {
496 imp->ordinal = rel.func_ord;
Proof of Concept
Build the radare2 (8317a34b7e4ab731e230dcdd81adc9323c5b518b, updated in April 03, 2022) and run it using the input POC.
# build the radare2 with address sanitizer
export CFLAGS=" -fsanitize=address "; export CXXFLAGS=" -fsanitize=address "; export LDFLAGS=" -fsanitize=address ";
CFGARG=" --enable-shared=no " PREFIX=`realpath install` bash sys/build.sh
# disable some features of address sanitizer to avoid false positives
export ASAN_OPTIONS=detect_leaks=0:abort_on_error=1:symbolize=0:allocator_may_return_null=1:detect_odr_violation=0
# trigger the crash
./radare2 -A -q POC_FILE
The crash stack is:
# seed1
=================================================================
==28776==ERROR: AddressSanitizer: heap-buffer-overflow on address 0x62f00000deda at pc 0x7ffff2a83101 bp 0x7fffffffd820 sp 0x7fffffffd818
READ of size 2 at 0x62f00000deda thread T0
#0 0x7ffff2a83100 (/src/cmdline-fuzz/exprs/radare2-5.5.4/src/install/lib/libr_bin.so+0x619100)
#1 0x7ffff2a84696 (/src/cmdline-fuzz/exprs/radare2-5.5.4/src/install/lib/libr_bin.so+0x61a696)
#2 0x7ffff264667f (/src/cmdline-fuzz/exprs/radare2-5.5.4/src/install/lib/libr_bin.so+0x1dc67f)
#3 0x7ffff2645004 (/src/cmdline-fuzz/exprs/radare2-5.5.4/src/install/lib/libr_bin.so+0x1db004)
#4 0x7ffff262a1fe (/src/cmdline-fuzz/exprs/radare2-5.5.4/src/install/lib/libr_bin.so+0x1c01fe)
#5 0x7ffff25cd9fb (/src/cmdline-fuzz/exprs/radare2-5.5.4/src/install/lib/libr_bin.so+0x1639fb)
#6 0x7ffff25ccad6 (/src/cmdline-fuzz/exprs/radare2-5.5.4/src/install/lib/libr_bin.so+0x162ad6)
#7 0x7ffff384136c (/src/cmdline-fuzz/exprs/radare2-5.5.4/src/install/lib/libr_core.so+0x6b236c)
#8 0x7ffff7548697 (/src/cmdline-fuzz/exprs/radare2-5.5.4/src/install/lib/libr_main.so+0x99697)
#9 0x7ffff72bc0b2 (/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6+0x270b2)
#10 0x55555557239d (/src/cmdline-fuzz/exprs/radare2-5.5.4/radare2+0x1e39d)
0x62f00000deda is located 2 bytes to the right of 56024-byte region [0x62f000000400,0x62f00000ded8)
allocated by thread T0 here:
#0 0x5555555ed772 (/src/cmdline-fuzz/exprs/radare2-5.5.4/radare2+0x99772)
#1 0x7ffff2a895dd (/src/cmdline-fuzz/exprs/radare2-5.5.4/src/install/lib/libr_bin.so+0x61f5dd)
#2 0x7ffff2a8b3fb (/src/cmdline-fuzz/exprs/radare2-5.5.4/src/install/lib/libr_bin.so+0x6213fb)
#3 0x7ffff262a1fe (/src/cmdline-fuzz/exprs/radare2-5.5.4/src/install/lib/libr_bin.so+0x1c01fe)
SUMMARY: AddressSanitizer: heap-buffer-overflow (/src/cmdline-fuzz/exprs/radare2-5.5.4/src/install/lib/libr_bin.so+0x619100)
Shadow bytes around the buggy address:
0x0c5e7fff9b80: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
0x0c5e7fff9b90: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
0x0c5e7fff9ba0: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
0x0c5e7fff9bb0: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
0x0c5e7fff9bc0: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
=>0x0c5e7fff9bd0: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00[fa]fa fa fa fa
0x0c5e7fff9be0: fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa
0x0c5e7fff9bf0: fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa
0x0c5e7fff9c00: fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa
0x0c5e7fff9c10: fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa
0x0c5e7fff9c20: fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa
Shadow byte legend (one shadow byte represents 8 application bytes):
Addressable: 00
Partially addressable: 01 02 03 04 05 06 07
Heap left redzone: fa
Freed heap region: fd
Stack left redzone: f1
Stack mid redzone: f2
Stack right redzone: f3
Stack after return: f5
Stack use after scope: f8
Global redzone: f9
Global init order: f6
Poisoned by user: f7
Container overflow: fc
Array cookie: ac
Intra object redzone: bb
ASan internal: fe
Left alloca redzone: ca
Right alloca redzone: cb
Shadow gap: cc
==28776==ABORTING
Program received signal SIGABRT, Aborted.
0x00007ffff72db18b in raise () from /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6
(gdb) bt
#0 0x00007ffff72db18b in raise () from /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6
#1 0x00007ffff72ba859 in abort () from /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6
#2 0x000055555560ba77 in __sanitizer::Abort() ()
#3 0x0000555555609fa1 in __sanitizer::Die() ()
#4 0x00005555555f14e4 in __asan::ScopedInErrorReport::~ScopedInErrorReport() ()
#5 0x00005555555f30aa in __asan::ReportGenericError(unsigned long, unsigned long, unsigned long, unsigned long, bool, unsigned long, unsigned int, bool) ()
#6 0x00005555555f3828 in __asan_report_load2 ()
#7 0x00007ffff2a83101 in r_bin_ne_get_segments (bin=<optimized out>) at /src/cmdline-fuzz/exprs/radare2-5.5.4/src/libr/../libr/bin/p/../format/ne/ne.c:90
#8 0x00007ffff2a84697 in r_bin_ne_get_entrypoints (bin=<optimized out>) at /src/cmdline-fuzz/exprs/radare2-5.5.4/src/libr/../libr/bin/p/../format/ne/ne.c:359
#9 0x00007ffff2646680 in r_bin_object_set_items (bf=<optimized out>, bo=<optimized out>) at bobj.c:306
#10 0x00007ffff2645005 in r_bin_object_new (bf=<optimized out>, plugin=<optimized out>, baseaddr=<optimized out>, loadaddr=<optimized out>, offset=<optimized out>, sz=<optimized out>) at bobj.c:168
#11 0x00007ffff262a1ff in r_bin_file_new_from_buffer (bin=0x616000000680, file=<optimized out>, buf=<optimized out>, rawstr=<optimized out>, baseaddr=<optimized out>, loadaddr=<optimized out>, fd=<optimized out>,
pluginname=<optimized out>) at bfile.c:585
#12 0x00007ffff25cd9fc in r_bin_open_buf (bin=<optimized out>, buf=<optimized out>, opt=<optimized out>) at bin.c:279
#13 0x00007ffff25ccad7 in r_bin_open_io (bin=0x616000000680, opt=<optimized out>) at bin.c:339
#14 0x00007ffff384136d in r_core_file_do_load_for_io_plugin (r=0x7fffec2d3800, baseaddr=18446744073709551615, loadaddr=0) at cfile.c:435
#15 r_core_bin_load (r=0x7fffec2d3800, filenameuri=<optimized out>, baddr=<optimized out>) at cfile.c:636
#16 0x00007ffff7548698 in r_main_radare2 (argc=<optimized out>, argv=<optimized out>) at radare2.c:1188
#17 0x00007ffff72bc0b3 in __libc_start_main () from /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6
#18 0x000055555557239e in _start ()
# seed2
=================================================================
==28700==ERROR: AddressSanitizer: heap-buffer-overflow on address 0x60200006c50e at pc 0x7ffff2a88d19 bp 0x7fffffffd610 sp 0x7fffffffd608
READ of size 2 at 0x60200006c50e thread T0
#0 0x7ffff2a88d18 (/src/cmdline-fuzz/exprs/radare2-5.5.4/src/install/lib/libr_bin.so+0x61ed18)
#1 0x7ffff26477f9 (/src/cmdline-fuzz/exprs/radare2-5.5.4/src/install/lib/libr_bin.so+0x1dd7f9)
#2 0x7ffff2645004 (/src/cmdline-fuzz/exprs/radare2-5.5.4/src/install/lib/libr_bin.so+0x1db004)
#3 0x7ffff262a1fe (/src/cmdline-fuzz/exprs/radare2-5.5.4/src/install/lib/libr_bin.so+0x1c01fe)
#4 0x7ffff25cd9fb (/src/cmdline-fuzz/exprs/radare2-5.5.4/src/install/lib/libr_bin.so+0x1639fb)
#5 0x7ffff25ccad6 (/src/cmdline-fuzz/exprs/radare2-5.5.4/src/install/lib/libr_bin.so+0x162ad6)
#6 0x7ffff384136c (/src/cmdline-fuzz/exprs/radare2-5.5.4/src/install/lib/libr_core.so+0x6b236c)
#7 0x7ffff7548697 (/src/cmdline-fuzz/exprs/radare2-5.5.4/src/install/lib/libr_main.so+0x99697)
#8 0x7ffff72bc0b2 (/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6+0x270b2)
#9 0x55555557239d (/src/cmdline-fuzz/exprs/radare2-5.5.4/radare2+0x1e39d)
0x60200006c50e is located 2 bytes to the left of 1-byte region [0x60200006c510,0x60200006c511)
allocated by thread T0 here:
#0 0x5555555ed5fd (/src/cmdline-fuzz/exprs/radare2-5.5.4/radare2+0x995fd)
#1 0x7ffff2a86194 (/src/cmdline-fuzz/exprs/radare2-5.5.4/src/install/lib/libr_bin.so+0x61c194)
#2 0x7ffff26477f9 (/src/cmdline-fuzz/exprs/radare2-5.5.4/src/install/lib/libr_bin.so+0x1dd7f9)
SUMMARY: AddressSanitizer: heap-buffer-overflow (/src/cmdline-fuzz/exprs/radare2-5.5.4/src/install/lib/libr_bin.so+0x61ed18)
Shadow bytes around the buggy address:
0x0c0480005850: fa fa fd fd fa fa fd fd fa fa fd fd fa fa fd fd
0x0c0480005860: fa fa fd fd fa fa fd fd fa fa fd fd fa fa fd fd
0x0c0480005870: fa fa fd fd fa fa fd fd fa fa fd fd fa fa fd fd
0x0c0480005880: fa fa fd fd fa fa fd fd fa fa fd fd fa fa fd fd
0x0c0480005890: fa fa fd fd fa fa fd fd fa fa fd fd fa fa fd fd
=>0x0c04800058a0: fa[fa]01 fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa
0x0c04800058b0: fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa
0x0c04800058c0: fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa
0x0c04800058d0: fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa
0x0c04800058e0: fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa
0x0c04800058f0: fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa
Shadow byte legend (one shadow byte represents 8 application bytes):
Addressable: 00
Partially addressable: 01 02 03 04 05 06 07
Heap left redzone: fa
Freed heap region: fd
Stack left redzone: f1
Stack mid redzone: f2
Stack right redzone: f3
Stack after return: f5
Stack use after scope: f8
Global redzone: f9
Global init order: f6
Poisoned by user: f7
Container overflow: fc
Array cookie: ac
Intra object redzone: bb
ASan internal: fe
Left alloca redzone: ca
Right alloca redzone: cb
Shadow gap: cc
==28700==ABORTING
Program received signal SIGABRT, Aborted.
0x00007ffff72db18b in raise () from /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6
(gdb) bt
#0 0x00007ffff72db18b in raise () from /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6
#1 0x00007ffff72ba859 in abort () from /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6
#2 0x000055555560ba77 in __sanitizer::Abort() ()
#3 0x0000555555609fa1 in __sanitizer::Die() ()
#4 0x00005555555f14e4 in __asan::ScopedInErrorReport::~ScopedInErrorReport() ()
#5 0x00005555555f30aa in __asan::ReportGenericError(unsigned long, unsigned long, unsigned long, unsigned long, bool, unsigned long, unsigned int, bool) ()
#6 0x00005555555f3828 in __asan_report_load2 ()
#7 0x00007ffff2a88d19 in r_bin_ne_get_relocs (bin=<optimized out>) at /src/cmdline-fuzz/exprs/radare2-5.5.4/src/libr/../libr/bin/p/../format/ne/ne.c:490
#8 0x00007ffff26477fa in r_bin_object_set_items (bf=<optimized out>, bo=<optimized out>) at bobj.c:349
#9 0x00007ffff2645005 in r_bin_object_new (bf=<optimized out>, plugin=<optimized out>, baseaddr=<optimized out>, loadaddr=<optimized out>, offset=<optimized out>, sz=<optimized out>) at bobj.c:168
#10 0x00007ffff262a1ff in r_bin_file_new_from_buffer (bin=0x616000000680, file=<optimized out>, buf=<optimized out>, rawstr=<optimized out>, baseaddr=<optimized out>, loadaddr=<optimized out>, fd=<optimized out>,
pluginname=<optimized out>) at bfile.c:585
#11 0x00007ffff25cd9fc in r_bin_open_buf (bin=<optimized out>, buf=<optimized out>, opt=<optimized out>) at bin.c:279
#12 0x00007ffff25ccad7 in r_bin_open_io (bin=0x616000000680, opt=<optimized out>) at bin.c:339
#13 0x00007ffff384136d in r_core_file_do_load_for_io_plugin (r=0x7fffec2d3800, baseaddr=18446744073709551615, loadaddr=0) at cfile.c:435
#14 r_core_bin_load (r=0x7fffec2d3800, filenameuri=<optimized out>, baddr=<optimized out>) at cfile.c:636
#15 0x00007ffff7548698 in r_main_radare2 (argc=<optimized out>, argv=<optimized out>) at radare2.c:1188
#16 0x00007ffff72bc0b3 in __libc_start_main () from /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6
#17 0x000055555557239e in _start ()
Impact
This vulnerability is heap overflow and may be exploitable. For more general description of heap buffer overflow, see CWE.
Occurrences
References
sorry for the late reply, the huntr dev ui changed and i couldnt find the "fix button"